Hydrocephalus is a neurological condition caused by an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain’s ventricles. This excess fluid increases pressure inside the skull, potentially damaging brain tissue and affecting cognitive and physical function. Hydrocephalus can occur at any age and may be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life due to trauma, infection, stroke, or tumors.
Who It Affects:
Hydrocephalus affects:
- Infants: Often due to birth defects or infections during pregnancy
- Children and Teens: May result from head injuries or infections
- Adults: Especially those over 60, often due to normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), which mimics dementia and gait disorders
It’s estimated that 1 in 770 babies are born with hydrocephalus, and NPH may account for up to 6% of dementia cases in older adults.
Common Symptoms by Age Group:
Infants:
- Rapid head growth
- Bulging soft spot (fontanel)
- Vomiting, irritability, poor feeding
- Downward gaze (“sunsetting” eyes)
Children & Teens:
- Headaches, nausea
- Vision problems
- Developmental delays
- Balance and coordination issues
Adults:
- Memory loss, confusion
- Difficulty walking (shuffling gait)
- Urinary incontinence
- Headaches and fatigue.
Types of Hydrocephalus:
- Communicating Hydrocephalus: CSF flows between ventricles but absorption is impaired
- Non-Communicating (Obstructive): CSF flow is blocked within the brain
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH): Enlarged ventricles with little pressure increase, common in older adults
- Hydrocephalus Ex-Vacuo: Occurs after brain tissue loss from stroke or injury
Treatment Options at Palm Beach Neurosurgery:
Our neurosurgical team offers advanced, personalized treatment options:
1. Shunt Placement
- A flexible tube drains excess CSF from the brain to another part of the body (e.g., abdomen)
- Most common and effective long-term solution
2. Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV)
- A minimally invasive procedure that creates a new pathway for CSF flow
- Often used in children and select adult cases
3. Monitoring & Rehabilitation
- Regular imaging and follow-up to ensure shunt function
- Physical, occupational, and cognitive therapy for symptom management.
Fast Facts About Hydrocephalus:
- Over 1 million Americans live with hydrocephalus
- Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent permanent brain damage
- Many patients lead full, active lives with proper care and monitoring.
Why Choose Palm Beach Neurosurgery?
We specialize in treating complex neurological conditions like hydrocephalus using state-of-the-art imaging, minimally invasive techniques, and compassionate care. Our goal is to restore brain function, mobility, and quality of life.
Call us today at (561) 433-4444 to schedule your consultation and learn more about your treatment options.
