Pituitary tumor

What Is a Pituitary Tumor?

A pituitary tumor is an abnormal growth in the pituitary gland, a pea-sized organ located at the base of the brain. This gland is known as the “master gland” because it regulates many vital hormones that control growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. Most pituitary tumors are benign (non-cancerous) and are called pituitary adenomas.

Types of Pituitary Tumors

1. Functioning Tumors

   • These produce excess hormones and cause symptoms based on the hormone involved:
     • Prolactin → Prolactinomas
     • Growth Hormone (GH) → Acromegaly or Gigantism
     • ACTH → Cushing’s Disease
     • TSH → Hyperthyroidism
     • LH/FSH → Reproductive issues 

2. Non-Functioning Tumors

   • Do not produce hormones but may cause symptoms due to pressure on nearby structures like the optic nerves or brain tissue

3. Macroadenomas

   • Tumors larger than 1 cm; may be functioning or non-functioning

4. Microadenomas

   • Tumors smaller than 1 cm; may be functioning or non-functioning

Symptoms of Pituitary Tumors

Symptoms depend on tumor type, size, and hormone activity:

• Headaches
• Vision problems (e.g., double vision, loss of peripheral vision)
• Hormonal imbalances:
  • Irregular periods or infertility
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Weight changes
  • Fatigue
  • Mood changes
  • Growth abnormalities 

Diagnosis

Diagnosis may include:

• MRI or CT scans to visualize the tumor
• Blood and urine tests to assess hormone levels
• Eye exams to detect optic nerve compression
• Endocrinology consultation for hormone evaluation

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on tumor type, size, and symptoms:

1. Surgery

• Transsphenoidal surgery is the most common approach
• Minimally invasive and often highly effective [Pituitary…cer Center]

2. Medications

• Used to shrink tumors or block hormone production
• Common for prolactinomas and hormone-producing tumors [Pituitary…er Society]

3. Radiation Therapy

• Used when surgery isn’t possible or if the tumor recurs
• Includes stereotactic radiosurgery for precision targeting 

4. Observation

• Small, non-functioning tumors may be monitored over time

Ready to Take the Next Step?

Call us at (561) 433-4444 to schedule a consultation or make an appointment.
Let our experienced doctors help you manage pituitary tumors and restore your hormonal balance and well-being.