Lumbar fusion- ALIF, PLIF/TLIF, XLIF/MIS

What it is:

Lumbar Fusion (ALIF, PLIF, TLIF, XLIF/MIS)

A surgical procedure that fuses two or more vertebrae in the lower back to stabilize the spine and relieve pain caused by conditions like spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, disc degeneration, or deformity. Techniques vary by approach:

• ALIF (Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion): Accessed from the front through the abdomen
• PLIF (Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion): Accessed from the back
• TLIF (Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion): A variation of PLIF with less nerve manipulation
• XLIF (Extreme Lateral Interbody Fusion): Accessed from the side using minimally invasive tools
• MIS (Minimally Invasive Surgery): Uses smaller incisions and specialized instruments for reduced recovery time.

Symptoms:

Chronic lower back pain, leg pain, numbness, weakness, difficulty walking, and spinal instability or deformity.

Treatment:

Damaged discs are removed and replaced with bone grafts and cages. Screws and rods may be added for stability. Recovery varies by technique but typically includes physical therapy and gradual return to activity over weeks to months.